Our 4-Axis CNC Machining Services

Elevate your cylindrical and multi-sided part production with our 4-Axis CNC Machining services—the perfect blend of 3-axis precision and rotary axis (A/B Axis) versatility.

Ideal for aerospace, automotive, and medical industries, we deliver complex geometries (gears, shafts, brackets) across metals (titanium, stainless steel) and non-metals, with reduced setup time, consistent results, and cost-effective solutions. Turn your multi-feature designs into high-quality parts—fast.

Get Free Quote

Our 4-Axis CNC Machining Capabilities

We offer robust machining capabilities tailored to 4-axis systems, with a focus on rotary table capabilities and precision for complex parts. Below is a detailed breakdown of our key capacities, including maximum part size, material thickness, precision levels, custom machining, and tolerance achievements:

Capability	Specification
Axes Configuration	3 linear axes (X: 1200mm, Y: 800mm, Z: 600mm) + 1 rotary axis (A or B; 360° continuous rotation)
Maximum Part Size	– Diameter: Up to 500mm (for cylindrical parts)- Length: Up to 1000mm (for shaft-like parts)- Weight: Up to 500kg (supported by heavy-duty rotary tables)
Material Thickness	– Metals: Up to 150mm (stainless steel), 200mm (aluminum), 100mm (titanium), 180mm (brass)- Non-Metals: Up to 250mm (plastics), 200mm (composites), 150mm (wood)
Precision Levels	– Linear axes: ±0.01mm- Rotary axis: ±0.005° (angular precision)
Custom Machining	– Complex features: Slots, holes, chamfers on cylindrical surfaces- Compatibility: CAD/CAM files (DXF, DWG, STEP, STL)- Volume: Prototypes (1–50 units) to high-volume (30,000+ units/month)
Tolerance Achievements	Meets ISO 2768-1 (fine grade); critical parts (e.g., aerospace shafts) achieve ±0.008mm linear tolerance and ±0.003° rotary tolerance
Rotary Table Capabilities	– Speed: Up to 200 RPM (for high-speed cutting)- Clamping force: 8000N (secures heavy parts)- Indexing: 0.001° incremental steps (for precise positioning)

Whether you need to machine a single titanium shaft or 10,000 brass gears, our 4-axis capabilities scale to match your project’s complexity and volume.

What Is 4-Axis CNC Machining?

4-Axis CNC Machining is an advanced manufacturing technology that builds on 3-axis machining (X, Y, Z linear axes) by adding a rotary axis (A or B Axis)—a rotating table that spins the workpiece around one of the linear axes. This extra axis lets the machine access multiple sides of a part in a single setup, eliminating the need for manual repositioning and unlocking more complex geometries than 3-axis systems.

The process overview is straightforward: A CNC (Computer Numerical Control) system interprets CAD designs to synchronize the linear axes (X/Y/Z, controlling the cutting tool) and the rotary axis (controlling the workpiece’s rotation). The two common rotary axis configurations are:

A-Axis: Rotates the workpiece around the X-axis (ideal for long, cylindrical parts like shafts).

B-Axis: Rotates the workpiece around the Y-axis (better for shorter, irregularly shaped parts like brackets with multi-sided features).

To explain “how it works” simply: Imagine a 3-axis machine that can spin your part like a rotisserie while cutting it. For example, when making a gear, the 4-axis machine cuts the gear teeth on the outer circumference as the rotary axis turns the part—all in one run, no need to stop and reposition. This is the core value of 4-Axis CNC Machining: combining linear precision with rotational flexibility to streamline production of multi-sided parts.

The 4-Axis CNC Machining Process

Our step-by-step process is optimized to leverage the rotary axis for efficiency and precision, from design to finished part:

Design and CAD Modeling: We start by reviewing your CAD model (or creating one from sketches). Our engineers focus on optimizing the design for 4-axis machining—e.g., ensuring features on cylindrical surfaces are aligned to the rotary axis to avoid unnecessary setups. For prototypes, we offer free design feedback to improve manufacturability.

CAM Programming: The CAD model is imported into CAM software (Mastercam, SolidWorks CAM), where we program tool paths for both linear and rotary axes. We synchronize the rotary axis rotation with linear tool movements—for example, programming the A-axis to spin 90° while the Z-axis lowers the cutting tool to add a slot on a shaft’s side.

Setup and Calibration: The workpiece is clamped to the rotary table (custom fixtures are used for irregular shapes). We calibrate the rotary axis using laser measuring tools to ensure alignment with linear axes (critical for precision). Cutting tools (e.g., end mills, drills) are loaded, and coolant systems are activated to prevent overheating.

Machining Execution: The CNC system runs the program, synchronizing linear (X/Y/Z) and rotary (A/B) movements. For example, when machining a gear, the rotary axis spins the part at a steady speed while the X/Y axes move the cutting tool to cut teeth. We monitor the process in real time to adjust speeds or coolant flow if needed.

Post-Machining Inspection: After machining, parts undergo rigorous checks. We use CMMs (Coordinate Measuring Machines) to verify linear dimensions and angular measurements (for rotary axis features). Parts with rough edges move to deburring or grinding for finishing.

Rotary Axis Integration Review: For complex parts, we review the rotary axis performance (e.g., rotation smoothness, positioning accuracy) to refine future programs—ensuring consistent quality for repeat orders.

Materials We Work With

4-Axis CNC Machining excels with both conductive and non-conductive materials, with particular strength in machining cylindrical or multi-sided parts. Below is a breakdown of our supported materials, their key properties, and ideal uses:

Material Category	Examples	Key Properties	Ideal Applications	Machining Notes
Metals	Stainless Steel	Corrosion-resistant, strong	Medical instrument shafts, marine gears	Use carbide tools; high-pressure coolant reduces heat
	Aluminum	Lightweight, easy to machine	Automotive suspension parts, aerospace brackets	Fast cutting speeds; minimal tool wear
	Titanium	High strength-to-weight, heat-resistant	Orthopedic implant stems, aircraft shafts	Slow speeds; sharp tools prevent tool wear
	Brass	Malleable, conductive	Electrical connectors, gear hubs	Fast speeds; produces smooth finishes
	Copper	Highly conductive, soft	Heat exchanger tubes, electrical terminals	Use coolant to avoid melting; sharp tools for clean cuts
Non-Metals	Plastics (ABS/Polycarbonate)	Lightweight, durable	Electronics casings (with side holes), prototype gears	Low speeds to prevent warping
	Composites	High strength, lightweight	Racing car drive shafts, drone frames	Specialized carbide tools to avoid fiber fraying
	Wood	Natural, cost-effective	Custom furniture legs (turned designs), decorative columns	Sharp tools; vacuum fixtures secure parts

We test all materials to optimize cutting speeds, tool selection, and coolant use—ensuring consistent results across every part.

Inquiry A project

Tolerances & Quality Assurance

Tolerances and accuracy standards are critical for 4-axis parts—especially those with features on rotating surfaces (e.g., gear teeth, shaft holes). Our precision levels and tolerance ranges are tailored to your material and application, with a focus on rotary axis precision:

Material	Linear Tolerance (X/Y/Z)	Rotary Axis Tolerance (A/B)	Accuracy Standard Used	Measurement Technique
Stainless Steel	±0.01mm	±0.005°	ISO 2768-1 (fine), ASME Y14.5	CMM + Angular Laser Scanner
Aluminum	±0.015mm	±0.008°	ISO 2768-1 (fine), AMS 2750	CMM + Digital Protractor
Titanium	±0.012mm	±0.006°	ISO 2768-1 (fine), AMS 4928	CMM + Optical Comparator
ABS Plastic	±0.02mm	±0.01°	ISO 2768-1 (medium), ASTM D638	CMM + Micrometer
Composites	±0.025mm	±0.012°	ISO 1288-1, ASTM D3039	CMM + Profilometer

Our quality control processes include:

Pre-machining: Inspecting raw materials for defects (e.g., cracks in titanium, unevenness in composites) and verifying dimensions.

In-process: Monitoring rotary axis alignment and tool paths in real time via CNC software; periodic checks with calipers and protractors.

Post-machining: 100% inspection with CMMs (for linear and angular dimensions); critical parts (e.g., aerospace shafts) undergo additional testing (e.g., runout checks, fatigue tests).

Documentation: We provide a detailed quality report with every order, including linear/rotary tolerance data, inspection results, and compliance certificates (ISO 9001, FDA for medical parts).

Key Advantages of 4-Axis CNC Machining

Compared to 3-axis machining (which requires multiple setups for multi-sided parts) and 5-axis machining (which is more costly for simple complexity), 4-Axis CNC Machining offers balanced benefits:

High Precision: With linear tolerances as tight as ±0.01mm and rotary axis precision of ±0.005°, it produces parts that fit seamlessly—critical for gears, shafts, and medical implants.

Complex Geometries: The rotary axis enables machining of features on cylindrical or multi-sided parts (e.g., slots on a shaft, holes on a gear hub) that would require 2–3 setups with 3-axis systems.

Reduced Setup Time: One setup handles all sides of a part—cutting setup time by 50–70% compared to 3-axis machining. For high-volume orders (e.g., 10,000 automotive parts), this translates to faster production.

Increased Efficiency: Fewer setups mean less operator time and fewer errors (e.g., misalignment from repositioning). Our clients report 30–40% faster production times for multi-sided parts.

Versatility: It works with all common metals and non-metals, and handles both simple (brackets) and complex (gears) parts—making it a one-stop solution for diverse projects.

Cost-Effectiveness: More affordable than 5-axis machining (lower equipment and operational costs) while offering more capability than 3-axis. Reduced setup time and errors also lower labor and material waste costs.

Consistency and Repeatability: CNC programming ensures every part is identical—critical for replacement parts (e.g., aerospace shafts) or mass-produced components (e.g., brass connectors).

Rotary Axis Benefits: The continuous rotation of the A/B axis enables high-speed machining of cylindrical parts (e.g., gears) and precise indexing for multi-sided features (e.g., a bracket with holes on 4 sides).

Industry Applications

4-Axis CNC Machining is widely used across industries that need multi-sided or cylindrical parts. Here are its most common applications:

Industry	Common Uses	Key Benefit of 4-Axis Machining
Aerospace	Shafts, turbine components, brackets with side holes (aluminum/titanium)	Reduced setup time for high-precision parts
Automotive	Gear hubs, suspension parts, drive shafts (steel/aluminum)	Consistency for mass production
Medical Devices	Orthopedic implant stems, surgical tool shafts (titanium/stainless steel)	Precision for patient-specific fits
Industrial Manufacturing	Conveyor rollers, pump shafts, gearboxes (steel/brass)	Versatility for diverse part types
Electronics	Connector housings (brass), heat sink brackets (aluminum)	Ability to machine side holes in small parts
Defense	Weapon components, vehicle armor brackets (steel/titanium)	Durability and precision for critical parts
Tool and Die Making	Mold cores with side features, die inserts (steel)	Complex geometry capability
Prototyping	Rapid prototypes of gears, shafts, and multi-sided brackets (plastics/aluminum)	Fast setup for low-volume runs

For example, in the automotive industry, our 4-axis machining produces 10,000 gear hubs monthly with consistent tooth spacing—thanks to the rotary axis’ precise indexing. In medical devices, we machine titanium implant stems with side slots (for bone screws) in one setup, ensuring patient-specific precision.

RFQ New Parts

Case Studies: Success Stories

Our 4-Axis CNC Machining services have helped clients across aerospace, automotive, and medical industries solve complex production challenges. Below are two successful projects showcasing our expertise in leveraging the rotary axis for efficiency and precision:

Case Study 1: Automotive Gear Hub Manufacturer

Challenge: The client needed 10,000 brass gear hubs monthly for electric vehicle transmissions. Each hub required a turned outer diameter, 6 radial holes (evenly spaced at 60°), and a milled keyway—all with a tolerance of ±0.01mm. Their previous supplier used 3-axis machining, which required 3 setups (turning, drilling, milling) and caused 8% of parts to fail due to misalignment (holes not centered on the hub). Lead time was 3 weeks, which delayed their EV production.

Solution: We used 4-axis CNC machining with A-axis (rotary around X-axis) to complete the hub in one setup. First, we turned the outer diameter using continuous rotary rotation; then, we indexed the A-axis to 60° increments to drill the radial holes (ensuring perfect spacing); finally, we milled the keyway by synchronizing A-axis rotation with X/Y linear movement. We used carbide turning inserts and flood coolant to handle high-volume production, and optimized tool paths to cut each hub in 2 minutes (down from 5 minutes with 3-axis).

Results:

Misalignment rate dropped from 8% to 0.5%—only 50 parts failed per month (vs. 800 previously).

Lead time shortened from 3 weeks to 10 days—helping the client meet their EV assembly schedule.

Production cost per hub decreased by 30% (reduced labor from fewer setups and faster cutting time).

Client Testimonial: “The 4-axis machining transformed our gear hub production. One setup eliminated misalignment, and the faster speed let us keep up with EV demand. We’ve expanded our order to 15,000 hubs monthly!” — Lisa M., Automotive Production Manager.

Before and After: 3-axis hubs had uneven hole spacing and off-center keyways; 4-axis hubs featured perfectly aligned holes and keyways that fit seamlessly into transmissions.

FAQ

When should I choose 4-Axis CNC Machining over 3-Axis or 5-Axis?

Choose 4-axis when your part has cylindrical or multi-sided features (e.g., gears, shafts with side slots) but doesn’t require full 360° access from all angles. It’s the balanced choice:
Better than 3-axis: Eliminates multiple setups (saves time, reduces misalignment) for parts with features on more than one side.
More cost-effective than 5-axis: 5-axis is needed for parts with undercuts or features requiring tool access from every angle (e.g., turbine blades), but 4-axis is cheaper for simpler complexity (e.g., gear hubs, implant stems).
Our team offers free design consultations to help you pick the right axis count.

Can 4-Axis CNC Machining handle high-volume production (e.g., 10,000+ parts monthly)?

Yes—4-axis is ideal for high-volume production, thanks to:
Automated setups: Our machines have tool changers and robotic part loaders (for 24/7 operation).
Fast cutting speeds: Optimized tool paths and high RPM rotary tables (up to 200 RPM) reduce per-part cutting time.
Consistency: CNC programming ensures every part is identical (critical for automotive/electronics parts).
We regularly produce 10,000–30,000 parts monthly for clients (e.g., brass gear hubs, aluminum suspension parts) with zero loss in precision.

How do you ensure rotary axis precision for critical parts (e.g., aerospace shafts)?

We use a 3-step process to maintain rotary axis precision:
Pre-machining calibration: Every morning, we use a laser angular scanner to calibrate the rotary axis (ensuring ±0.005° accuracy).
In-process monitoring: CNC software tracks rotary axis position in real time—if it drifts beyond tolerance (e.g., ±0.003° for aerospace), the machine pauses automatically.
Post-machining inspection: Critical parts undergo runout testing (measuring how much the part wobbles during rotation) and angular dimension checks with a CMM. For aerospace shafts, we also conduct fatigue tests to ensure precision doesn’t affect performance.
This process ensures 99.9% of critical parts meet tight rotary tolerances.